javascript/jquery读取和修改HTTP headers

javascript/jquery读取和修改HTTP headers 2016年7月20日不静之心未分类

jQuery Ajax可以通过headers或beforeSend修改request的HTTP headers，例如：

Js代码

$.ajax({

url: "./test.php",

type: "POST",

headers: {

"Accept" : "text/plain; charset=utf-8",

"Content-Type": "text/plain; charset=utf-8"

beforeSend: function(jqXHR, settings) {

jqXHR.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8');

jqXHR.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8');

data: {"user" : "min", "pass" : "he"},

error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {

//....

success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) {

//....

}

注意：：W3规定XMLHttpRequest并不能修改全部的HTTP Headers，而仅是一小部分。
比如：
Host: localhost:58188
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/31.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
role:2
username:106110454@qq.com
password:lw=kQH
password:1

jquery获取HTTP headers:
test.html:

Html代码

<html>

<head>

</head>

$(document).ready(function(){

$.ajax({

url: "./test.php",

type: "POST",

data: {"user" : "min", "pass" : "he"},

error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {

if (textStatus == "error") {

alert(textStatus + " : " +errorThrown);

} else {

alert(textStatus);

}

success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) {

alert(jqXHR.getResponseHeader("Server"));

alert(jqXHR.getResponseHeader("Content-Type"));

alert(jqXHR.getResponseHeader("X-Powered-By"));

alert(jqXHR.getResponseHeader("Content-Encoding"));

alert(jqXHR.getAllResponseHeaders());

alert(jqXHR.getResponseHeader("Set-Cookie")); //返回null，不能获取Set-Cookie的值

alert(data + textStatus);

}

});

</script>

</html>

.php:

<?php

if (isset($_COOKIE["time"])) {

$time = $_COOKIE["time"] + 1;

} else {

$time = 1;

}

setcookie("time", $time);

$user = $_REQUEST["user"];

$pass = $_REQUEST["pass"];

print $user.$pass." ".$time;

jQuery通过XMLHttpRequest的getResponseHeader或getAllResponseHeaders()可以获取指定的HTTP header field的值，但规定不能获取Set-Cookie和Set-Cookie2的值。

参考:

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1145588/cannot-properly-set-the-accept-http-header-with-jquery
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2444489/getresponseheader-is-not-a-function