1. System.getProperty()获取tomcat自定义变量
http://zwxiaole.iteye.com/blog/1832053
环境 tomcat 集群 有一个定时器
为了防止所有集群的服务器都跑定时而出错
选择其中一台服务器 修改tomcat  bin 目录下的
windows catalina.bat
linux catalina.sh
你定义的变量 必须以-D开头 否则System.getProperty()无法获取到该参数值
以 scheduler.start为例子
set JAVA_OPTS= -Dscheduler.start=true
System.getProperty(‘scheduler.start’)可以获取到 true值
当获取到true时 那台服务器就会开始定时任务 其他服务器就不会开启

2. catalina.bat或者eclipse服务器里面设定的环境变量
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/686591/is-there-a-way-to-resolve-system-properties-in-a-web-xml-file
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3965446/how-to-read-system-environment-variable-in-spring-applicationcontext
A:在catalina.bat增加JAVA_OPTS=”…… -DPANDY_HOME=e:/aaa …… ”
B:在eclipse的tomcat服务器里面设定环境变量(不确定)
-DPANDY_HOME=e:/aaa
在applicationcontext.xml引用

3.Spring类里面读取变量
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10324702/propertyplaceholderconfigurer-and-environment-variables-in-properties-files
A:
E.g.

or

B:

You must also remember to pass the parameter into the program using
-DJAVA_MY_ENV=xyz
This way when you run the production version you can pass one thing and when you are running tests another.
Also what I often what I do is something like this:

where environment is prod/stage/test/int/ci/local (1 per environment – you may only have 2 or 3 for now). You can pass the environment variable to the program. Any properties which should be the same regardless of if its production/running on your local pc/tests would be in the someprops.properties property file. Any ones specific to the environment/way its being run as will go in the more specific file (you should put it in the someprops.properties file as well as a default unless overridden mechanism)
E.g. in classpath:someprops.properties
url=www.mysite.com
in classpath:someprops-local.properties
url=localhost
By using this basic idea you can separate tests and the program’s normal running properties in a clean manner.